When gathering requirements for a project, a manager needs to go beyond specifying what is being developed (scope) and when it will be delivered (time). They also need to plan quality measures into each deliverable, which contributes towards the end product or service. One can think of quality management as answering the “how” part of problem solving. In the planning process, a project manager assesses product/service specifications and arrives at S.M.A.R.T (Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Realistic, and Timely) quality criteria for each deliverable.